Rotator Cuff Tear

The rotator cuff is made up of a group of four muscles that play a pivotal role in shoulder function and stability: the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis. These muscles, along with their associated tendons, create a protective “cuff” around the head of the humerus, keeping it securely nestled within the shallow socket of the shoulder joint. This provides crucial stability to the shoulder and enables a wide range of movements necessary for everyday activities.

Tears can occur due to various factors, each contributing to the wear and tear of the delicate rotator cuff tendons. Factors that can lead to this painful and limiting condition can range from:

1. Repetitive Overuse: Engaging in activities that involve repetitive overhead motions, such as throwing, swimming, or lifting heavy weights, can place significant stress on the rotator cuff tendons, leading to wear and tear over time.

1. Trauma or Acute Shoulder Injury: A sudden force or impact to the shoulder, such as a fall or a direct blow, can cause an acute tear in the rotator cuff tendons.
2. Age-Related Degeneration: As people age, the blood supply to the rotator cuff tendons may diminish, making them more susceptible to degeneration and tears. Chronic wear and tear and bone spurs can also lead to rotator cuff tears.
3. Poor Posture and Muscle Imbalances: Incorrect posture and muscle imbalances around the shoulder can place additional stress on the rotator cuff tendons, increasing the risk of tears.

Recognising the signs and symptoms of rotator cuff tears is crucial for early detection and proper management. Here are the common indications to look out for:

• Persistent shoulder pain, particularly during arm movements, lifting, or reaching overhead.
• Weakness in the affected shoulder, making everyday tasks that require arm strength more challenging.
• Limited range of motion in the shoulder, difficulty in performing movements like reaching behind the back or combing hair.
• Pain or discomfort during specific shoulder movements during physical examination.
• Some patients may describe a clicking or popping sensation in the shoulder during certain activities.

Being aware of these signs allows for timely intervention and better outcomes in treating rotator cuff tears. If you experience any of these symptoms, it is essential to seek medical attention for proper evaluation and personalised care.

Mr Soong Chua will begin with your medical history and a physical examination to assess pain and range of movement. Imaging tests such as x-rays, ultrasound or an MRI scan may also be carried out to assess further damage.