Robotic Shoulder Replacement
Overview
Robotic shoulder replacement is an advanced form of shoulder replacement surgery that uses 3D planning and robotic-assisted technology to improve the accuracy of implant placement.
Mr Soong Chua is among a small number of surgeons in Australia trained in robotic shoulder replacement, having been part of the first cohort of surgeons trained in this technology. He also has extensive experience with robotic-assisted surgery, having performed over 250 robotic knee replacements using the same MAKO robotic system.
This experience allows him to apply proven principles of robotic precision and planning to shoulder replacement surgery.
Robotic shoulder replacement surgery is currently performed at Epworth Richmond, with plans to expand to additional locations, including Epworth Eastern, in the future.
What is Robotic Shoulder Replacement?
Robotic shoulder replacement uses the MAKO robotic arm system to assist the surgeon in performing the procedure with a high level of accuracy.
Before surgery, a detailed 3D model of the shoulder joint is created using a CT scan, allowing the procedure to be carefully planned based on each patient’s unique anatomy.
During the operation, a robotic arm controlled by the surgeon helps guide implant placement with a high level of accuracy, allowing the surgical plan to be executed more precisely. The robot does not perform the surgery independently. It is a tool that supports the surgeon, who remains in full control at all times.
One of the most technically challenging aspects of shoulder replacement is positioning the glenoid (socket) component. The bone in this area is relatively small and can be difficult to access, meaning there is a limited margin for error. Robotic assistance is designed to improve accuracy in this critical step.
When is Robotic Shoulder Replacement Recommended?
Robotic shoulder replacement may be considered for patients with conditions such as:
- Shoulder osteoarthritis
- Rotator cuff arthropathy
- Advanced joint degeneration
- Bone loss or deformity
It may be particularly useful in more complex cases, where accurate implant positioning is more difficult to achieve using traditional techniques.
Traditional shoulder replacement remains a highly effective option, and the most appropriate approach will depend on your individual condition, anatomy, and surgical goals.
Benefits and Risks
Potential Benefits
Robotic-assisted shoulder replacement is designed to improve the accuracy and consistency of surgery.
Potential benefits may include:
- More accurate implant positioning
- Improved alignment of components
- Personalised surgical planning based on your anatomy
- Reduced risk of complications related to implant positioning
- Potential for improved function and long-term outcomes
Robotic systems may also help guide instruments within predefined boundaries, which can assist in protecting surrounding bone and soft tissue.
Potential Risks
As with any surgical procedure, robotic shoulder replacement carries risks. These may include:
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Nerve or blood vessel injury
- Implant loosening or wear over time
- Stiffness or ongoing pain
While robotic assistance is designed to improve accuracy, it does not eliminate the risks associated with surgery. Long-term outcomes for robotic shoulder replacement are still being studied, although early results and experience from robotic surgery in other joints are encouraging.
What Should I Expect?
Before Surgery
Before surgery, you will have a CT scan of your shoulder. This is used to plan your procedure in detail, allowing the surgery to be tailored to your individual anatomy, including the size, position, and alignment of the implant.
This planning process helps anticipate potential challenges and can be particularly useful in more complex cases.
During Surgery
During the procedure, the pre-operative plan is carried out using the robotic system, which assists the surgeon in positioning the implant with a high level of precision.
The surgeon remains in full control at all times, using the system to help accurately execute the planned placement while working within carefully defined boundaries.
After Surgery
Recovery following robotic shoulder replacement is similar to traditional shoulder replacement.
You will typically require a period of rest followed by a structured physiotherapy program to restore movement and strength. Recovery timelines vary, but most patients experience gradual improvement in pain and function over several months.
Frequently Asked Questions
Does the robot perform the shoulder replacement surgery?
No. The robotic system does not perform the surgery independently. The procedure is fully performed and controlled by the orthopaedic surgeon at all times. The robotic-assisted technology acts as an advanced surgical tool that helps guide implant positioning and assists with surgical planning based on the patient’s individual anatomy.
Is robotic-assisted shoulder replacement more accurate than traditional shoulder replacement?
Robotic-assisted shoulder replacement allows surgeons to use advanced 3D planning and real-time guidance during surgery to help improve the accuracy of implant positioning. More precise placement may help optimise shoulder function, stability and implant longevity for some patients. However, outcomes still depend on many factors including the patient’s anatomy, bone quality and the surgeon’s experience.
Is robotic shoulder replacement better than traditional surgery?
Traditional shoulder replacement is a well-established and effective procedure. Robotic-assisted surgery is designed to improve the accuracy of implant positioning, which may help optimise outcomes. The most appropriate approach depends on your individual condition.
Does robotic surgery mean a faster recovery?
Recovery is generally similar to traditional shoulder replacement. However, improved accuracy in implant positioning may support better function over time.
Who may benefit from robotic shoulder replacement surgery?
Robotic-assisted shoulder replacement may benefit patients with shoulder arthritis, cuff tear arthropathy or complex shoulder joint wear who require shoulder replacement surgery. The technology may be particularly useful in cases where precise implant positioning is important due to the patient’s anatomy or severity of joint damage.
Am I suitable for robotic shoulder replacement?
Suitability depends on your specific condition, anatomy, and surgical goals. Robotic assistance may be particularly beneficial in more complex cases, but not all patients require it.